Penguin Pool, London Zoo

The Penguin Pool at London Zoo is a masterpiece of early twentieth century architecture that holds a unique, protected status as a Grade I listed building. Completed in 1934, it was designed by the visionary émigré architect Berthold Lubetkin and his firm, Tecton, in collaboration with the renowned structural engineer Ove Arup. At the time of its construction, the structure was a revolutionary example of the possibilities of reinforced concrete. Its defining features are two interlocking spiral ramps that appear to float, unsupported, over an elliptical pool. While these ramps were lauded for their sculptural elegance and engineering precision, they were also designed to serve as a theatrical stage for the penguins, intended to showcase their natural behaviors in a clean, modern environment.